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3 B m; ON... Em GN No. 508,009. Patented Nov. 7, 1893 IE/:1F:

BY wwm/ Haasunma NsTaN. un a LIU E.. ML. 0u Em G N FW Am No. 508,009. Patented Nov. 7, 1893.

ATTORNEY.

UNITED STATESA APATENT OFFICE.

ALBERT F. GEORGE, OF KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO JOSEPH H. FINK, OF' SAME PLACE.

WINDMILL.

SPECIFICATION formingy part of Letters Patent No. 508,009, dated November 7, 1893.

Application filed November 2l, 1892. -Serial No.45Z1615. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern: this view indicates the direction of the wind,

Be it known that I, ALBERT F. GEORGE, a and thehorizontal arms or shafts are in a vercitizen of the United States, residing at Kantical line with each other. sas City, in the county of Jackson and State Referring to Figs. I and II, 1 indicates the 55 5 of Missouri, have invented certain new and ordinary supporting stand; 2, indicates the useful Improvements in Windmills, of which base upon which the said stand is secured; the following is a Specification, reference be- 3, indicates a pivot socket securedV upon the ing had therein to the accompanying drawbase 2; 4, indicates a vertical'shaft pivoted ings. in an opening in the socket 3, and provided 6o 1o My invention relates t0 improvements in at its upper end with a bevel gear 5, which windmills. meshes into a bevel gear 6, movably mount- The object of my invention is to provide a ed upon a horizontal shaft 7. 8, indicates a windmill with two or more concentric wheels -hub movably mounted upon said shaft 7, and each wheel having an independent connec-` secured to the bevel gear 6, in any suitable 65 tion with the main or driving shaft. y manner. Secured upon the periphery of the My invention is adapted t0 be used with hub 8, is a metallic ring 9, provided with a Vertical or horizontal windmills. series of radial openings into which are fitted In the accompanying drawings, I have securely radial spokes 10. A metallic ring shown my invention applied in both styles. 11, provided with radial openings, is secured 7o zo My invention is in accordance with the 'upon the outer ends of the spokes 10. Vanes well known philosophical principle of a small 12, are secured at the proper angle to and bewheel having the capacity for more rapid vtween the metallic rings 9, and 11. Securely ,movement than a larger wheel both having fastened upon the shaft 7, and to the right of the same wind pressure. hub 8, is a hub 13, provided with a flange 14, 75 More specifically stated, my invention consecured at its outer end. A metallic ring 15, sists in mounting two concentric wheels upon is secured upon the periphery of t-he hub 13, the same shaft, gearing the inner wheel to Vand is provided with a series of openings into the main shaft and gearing the outer wheel which are secured shouldered radial spokes independently of the other wheel to the driv- 16. A metallic ring 17, is provided with 8o 3o ing shaft. openings into which are fitted and secured In the accompanying drawings, illustrative lthe outer shouldered ends of the spokes 16. of my invention, similar numerals of refer- A metallic ring 18, is provided with openings ence indicate similar parts. i corresponding in number and position to the Figurelrepresents a vertical sectional View spokes 16, which pass through said opening. 8 5 of my invention as applied to a vert-ical wind- The ring 18, is mounted upon the spokes at mill. For clearness, only single opposite about the same distance from the center vanes are shown on each wheel. Fig. II repshaft as the ring 11. Vanes 19, are secured resents a front view of the two wheels shown between the rings 17, and 18, at the proper in Fig. I. Fig. III represents a vertical secangle. The location of the vanes 12, and 19, 9o 4o tional view of a horizontal mill provided with respect to each other, is best illustrated with feathering vanes orbladesand constructin Fig. 2. I do not limit myself however, to ed in accordance with the principles of my this exact method of construction of the windinvention. In this View the winds direction wheels asv any ordinary construction vwould is in the line of sight and for clearness the answer. Itis necessary however,'tofully carry 95 rear vanes and shafts are removed. Fig. IVv out the spirit of my invention, to mount the represents a front detail View of the trans. independent wheels so that the outer vanes ferring gearing. Fig.V representsaside eledo not overlap the vanes of the inner wheel. vation ofthe parts shown in Fig. 1V. Fig. Brace rods 20, are secured at their ends to VI represents a plan View of the horizontal the flange 14, and the ring 18, respectively. roo 5o windmill. In this View the guy ropes and A head block 2l, whose general form isa horisupporting posts are removed. The arrow in vzontal cylinder, is provided with a horizontal longitudinal opening within which is movably mounted the shaft 7. The cylinder 21, is provided with a round, downward projection 22, fitted into a vertical opening in the upper end of shaft 4 upon which the head block 21, rests and is circumferentially movable. A strap 23, surrounding the head block 21, is provided with an opening in its lower side into which is fitted the shaft 4. The upper end of shaft 4, is provided with a flange 24, located between the head block 21, and the strap 23. This flange in connection with the ring strap 23, prevents any upward move ment of the head block. A tail piece or guid ing vane 25, is secured upon a horizontalarm 26, which in turn is secured to the top ofthe head block 21. A bevel gear 27 is firmly secured upon the left end of shaft 7, and meshes into a vertical bevel gear 28, movably mounted upon a short shaft or projection 2,9, se-

curedto a dependent projection `30, extend? ing downward from the head block 2l. Said bevel gear 28, meshes into ahorzontal bevel gear 31, which is rigidly secured to the upperiend of a vertical sleeve 32, which is movably mounted upon the vertical shaft 4, and has `one bearing within a central openingin the platform 33, and a bearing .at its lower endupon on enlargement 34, of the shaft 4. Secured to the lower end of sleeve 32, is a horizontal bevel gear 35, which meshes into a vertical bevel gear 36, movably mounted upon a horizontalv sleeve 37, which in turn is mounted upon a horizontal main or driving shaft 38, and movable thereon. Secured at any point upon the shaft 4, but preferabl'y as shown in the drawings, upon the projection` 34, is a horizontal bevel gear 39, which meshes into a vertical bevel gear movably mounted upon the right end of the sleeve 37. A pawl 41, is pivoted upon the rear side of the `bevel gear 40, and engages with the teeth of a ratchet wheel 42, secured upon the sleeve 37. A pawl 43, is pivoted to the rear side of bevel gear 36, and engages with the teeth of a ratchet wheel 44, secured upon the sleeve 37. A vertical brace 45, is secured upon the base 2, and is provided with an opening in which the horizontal shaft 38, is journaled. Another vertical brace 46, is secured to the base 2, auds provided with an opening near its top which serves as a bearing for the sleeve 37. A washer 47, is secured upon the sleeve 37, to the right of the support or `brace 46.

`The following is a description of a clutch mechanism for communicating motion from the sleeve 37, to the shaft 38:-To the left of the support 46, is a sleeve 48,1ongitudinally movable upon the sleeve 37. A slot 49, is provided in the upper side of the sleeve 48. A pin 50, is secured to the sleeve 37, and engages in the slot 49, and thus prevents the sleeve 48, from rotating upon the sleeve 37, while permitting a lengthwise motion thereon. A projection 52, on the left end of the sleeve 48, is adapted to engage with the pin 53, 'secured to the shaft 38. A coil spring 54,

surrounds the sleeve 37, and is placed to the right of the sleeve 48, and to the left of the support 46. An L-shaped lever 55, is secured to a transverse rod 56, which has bearings provided for it in a U-shaped support 57, secured upon the support 46. The vertical leg of the lever 55, is provided with bifurcatcd ends properly curved to fit into a groove 58, encircling the sleeve 48. The horizontal leg of the lever has secured to it a cord 59.

I will now proceed to describe the operation of this form of my invention :NVhen the `.wind strikes against the face of the wheel,

the vanes 12, and 19, being in this instance set in the same direction both wheels will rotate, say to the right. This will cause the gear 40, which is connected tothe inner Wheel, to rotate tothe rightalso. The ratchet pawl 41, engages with the ratchet wheel 42, and turns the sleeve 37, to the right with the same velocity that `the smaller wheel isrotating, providing that thebevel gears are miter gears, as shown in this instance. The outer wheel rotating to the right and being secured to the shaft 7, causes the gear 27, and the gear 31,

through the intermediate gear 28, to also ro tate to the right. The gear 31,being secured to the sleeve 32, causes said sleeve to rotate to the right and also the gear 36, through the intermediacy of thelgear 35. The proportions in size of the gears 27, 28, 31, 35, and 36, are such that, in this instance, the gear 36, will perform two revolutions to theone of the larger wind- Wheel. The ratchet pawl 43, being pivoted to thegear Wheel 36, and engaging with the teeth of the ratchet wheel 44, which is secured upon the sleeve 37, will tend to rotate the sleeve 37, to the right. lheclutch sleeve 48th'rongh its projection 52, being normally in line of rotation with the pin 53, secured to the shaft 38, by reason of the tension of the coil spring 54, will cause said shaft 38 to revolve in the direction andwith the sleeve 37, when said sleeve 37, is revolved. If, for any reason, it is found desirable to release the shaft 38, from engagement with the clutch while the windmill is running, the cord 59, is drawn down and held. This rocks the lever 55, and through its bifurcated leg causes the sleeve 48, to be forced backward against the pressure of the coil spring 54, thus releasing the pin 53, from engagement with the projection 52, of the clutch sleeve. When it is desired to again start the shaft 38, in rotation, the cord 59, is released and the coil spring 54, forcesl the sleeve 48, together with its projection 52, into a position for re-eugagement with the pin 53, of the shaft 38. lt has been delnonstrated by actual experiment that when the areas of the concentric wheels are equal the inner wheel moves at substantially double the rate of rotation of the outer Wheel. However, the outer Wheel is provided with greater power by reason of its longer leverage, and to make the wheels exert substantially the same amount of power upon the horizontal sleeve 37, the gearing connected with the IOO outer wheel must be'so proportioned that the gear 36, and40, revolve at approximately the" Y same rate of speed. If, for any reason lthe its velocity and soon resume its share of thek work. When it is desired to have the wheels move in opposite directions and still have the -power'from each exerted upon the sleeve 37,

inrthe same direction, the bevel gear 28, is omitted and the gear 27, is caused to mesh with the gear 31,the shaft 4,being shortened at i-ts upper end and the face of the gear 27, reversed.Y By reversing the slant of 4either set of vanes 12, or 19,' to that shown, an opposite rotation in the wheel to that heretofore indicated will'be obtained.-

The following is a description of the horizontal windmill provided with feathering blades and constructed in accordance with the principles of my invention:-100, indicates a vertical shaft provided with a bearing in thebase 101, and a shouldered yupper. end fitted with a collar 102 which is connected by guy ropes 103, with upright posts 104, placed in the ground at the lower end or se.- cured to the base 101. Secured near the upper end upon the shaft 100, is a head block 105.l Into horizontal openings through said head block, are secured horizontal tubes 106,

projecting each side of the vertical shaft 100. Secured withinsaid tubes 106, aretubes 107, projecting at each end beyond said tube 106, andA provided on its upper sides With'a perforated projection at each end 108. Upwardly extending proj ections 109, from the head block 105, are connected respectively bybraces 110; thesebraces serve to support the outer end ofthe tubes 107. Movably mounted within said tube 107, is a rock shaft 111, which extends at each end beyond the ends of the tube 107, on'each side of the vertical shaft 100. Hinged to each end of shaft111, isa depend,- ent vane 112. The vane 112is held in a vertical positionwhen before-the wind by a U- shaped spring '113,placed' behind the vane and secured at its upper ends to the shaft 111. When the wind pressure is sufficiently great the spring backing 113, gives thus relieving the pressure upon the vane and preventing the liability of damage due toexcess ive speed. lA pin 114, secured in .the shaft 111, and so placed in a slot in the hinge Aof thevane as to comey in contact with the hinge of the vane, serves as a stop whicnprevents the backward flapping of the vane upon the'shaft 111. A pin 115, secured in each end of the shaft .111, in such a position as to bein a notch properly cut in each end of the tube 107,serves to prevent the shaft 111, from re,- volv-ing more thana quarter of a circle. vA head block 116, similar to head block 105, and having similar horizontal openings, l has Ase,- cured within said opening horizontal tubes 117, similar to the horizontal tubes 107, and

provided with projections upon 'the upper side at each end 108, connected by braces 110, with projections 109, upon the upper side of the head block 116. A shaft 118, similar to the shaft 111, has hinged thereto and dependent therefrom at each end a vane 119. A U-shaped spring 120, and similar to spring 113, is fastened at its upper ends upon each sdeof the vane 119, to each end of the shaft 118. Pins 114, and 115, are secured in and to the shaft 118, in thesame mannerand for the samepurpose as described in connection with-the shafti111. The head block'116, is rigidly secured to a vertical tube 121, mounted upon the vertical shaft 100, and having a bearing at its lower end to a horizontal bevel gearl 122, secured to the vertical shaft100, nearits lower end. lSecured to the, sleeve 121, nearits center, isa head block 123,

which has openings. corresponding to the openings in the head blocks 105, 116, in which are pivoted at their centers horizontal shafts 124. A projection 125, extends outwardly from each side of the head blocks 123, is in line with and serves as a stop against which thepin 115, in the shaft 124, strikes. Hinged to` each end of the shaft 124, is Ya vane ,12.7, provided with a Ufshaped spring 128, secured to the shaft 124in the same manner as spring 113, is secured toy shaft 111. A pin V114,isse cured in eachend of the shaft 124, inthe samemanner and for the same purpose as with' shaft 111. A head `bloclr 129, secured upon the upper end ofra sleeve 130,.-is of the saine construction as head block 123, isvpro.- vided with similar openings within which shafts 131, are pivoted at their centers. Vanes 132, -silnilarfto .vanes 127, are hinged upon each side of the shaft 1,31, and are provided with U -shaped springs which serve asa backing and are' secured at their upper ends to the shaft 131, in the same manner and for the same purpose as heretofore described with relation to the other U-shaped springs. A headblock 134is secured upon the upper end of .a-sleeve 135, movably mounted upon the sleeve 121, and provided ,witha bearing at vits lower end upon the flat surfaceof a fiat bevel gear 136, secured to the lower end of tube 121. Tube orsleeve 130, is provided withv a bearing atl its lowerend uponthe iiat surface of the head block 123. Secured to the lower end of sleeve r135, is ua horizontal beveled gear'137.l Head blockv 134, is .provided with openings within which rare, movably fitted rock shafts 138, provided at their ends with, hinged vanes 139, andlUfshaped springs 140, stoppins 115, and 114,;as heretofore described with relation to the other rock shaft, vanes and springs. Secured to thelower end of slee ve 130, isa crown gear wheel facing downward. Secured to the upperend of sleeve 135,7is a crown gear wheel142,ofrthe same size as crown gear wheel 141,1 with whichit IOO IIO

gears and are pivoted respectively upon pins 145, and 146, rigidly `secured to the head block 123. Meshing respectively with the gear wheels 122, 126, 137, are vertical bevel gear wheels147,148,and 149, movably mounted upon `a horizontal sleeve 37. Ratchet pawls 150, 151, 152, are pivoted respectively to the rear side of bevel gears 147, 148, 149,1and engage respectively with the ratchet wheels 153, 154, and 155, which arel rigidly secured .tothe sleeve 156. Mounted within-the sleeve 156, is .a-` horizontal driving shaft 157, rev'- oluble within `the sleeve. provided with an opening at its upper side within which is pivoted' the driving shaft 157, at `its rightend. A support 159,1secu-red to the 'basefl'01, is provided alsofwith anopen.

ing at itstop` win `which-is joufrnaied thesleeve 1'56. `The cliutchmeoh anisnr issimilafritothat shown in Fig. 1. The vanes upon the ends of each rock shaft are mounted upon said reckshaft at rightangles` one toltherother. Thisis ltrufealso of the stop `pins, `which are `secured `in the outer endsy of thefrock sha-its.

Myhorizontal wind mill operates as follows:4

When the'wind strikes the faceof the vane 112, it :forces said `vane in'toza vertical position and against the' U -shaped springlll, and causesthe shaft 111, and head block 105, together with the vertical shaft 100, Lto revolvepsay tothe right,as viewed in Fig. 6.

This causes .the bevel gear 147, `to revolve to` ward the left, carrying with it the pawl 150, whichv engaging with the `ratchet `wheel 153, causes it and the sleeve 1156, to revolve also toward the left. rlhe vanes all takeaposition similarto that of vane 1.12, when in such position as to be carried aheadof the wind. At the same time the vane on one side of a shaft is forced i-nto a vertical position. The wind striking against the vane on theother end of said shaft assists in rocking the shaft a quarter of a circle and `causes the `vane.

which is=comi-ngagainst the wind to assume a horizontal position, as shown in Fig. 6. When the wind strikes the vanes 119, the head block '116, together with the vertical sleeve 121, to which it is secured, are caused to revolve to the right, thus revolving to the left `vertical bevel gear wheels 14S, through the intermediacy of bevel gear 136. Pawl 1511, pivoted to said bevel gear 14S, engages the teeth of ratchet 154, and tends to revolve it and the-sleeve 156, toward the left. The same action takes place with reference to head block 128, which isalso rigidly secured to the vertical sleeve 121. When the vanes 132 are caused to revolve, the head block 129, together with the vertical sleeve 130, `to which it is se cured, and the crown wheel141, also secured to I(he sleeve 130, are caused to revolve toward `the right and through the gear wheels 143, 144, cause the crown wheel 142, to also re- -volve toward the right, as viewed in Fig. 6, carrying with `it sleeve 135,and bevel gear 187, thus imparting rotation toward the left of bevel gear 149. Ratchet pawl 152, being thus A support 158, is

carried to the left and engaging with the ratchet wheel 155, tends torevolvethe ratchet wheel andthe sleeve 156, to which it is secured, toward the left. It will be seen that allwof the gears 147, 1148,.and11'49, are caused to revolve-inra like direction, and in caseof one revolving more rapidly than `the other two, it :can do so independently ofthe other, the only effect being `that the ratchet wheels slip around under their pawls, andwoneset of `wirrdwheelsis not held- "back byany of the others"y but acts independently. The inner wheels with theirvaues, being smaller, travel more rapidly'tharr the outer ones ybut not havingthefsam'e leverage -do not exert as much power as the outer wheels during a complete revolution, so that .to evenV up the power applied tothe sleeve 156-, lby'thelseveralwheels, theouter wheels are sogeared Ito their respective gear :wheels on-"the` sleeve 1156, as to produce a substantially uniform motion or rate of rotation of the several bevel gears mounted `upon the horizontal sleeve 156.

`It will benoted that in carrying ont my ifnvenftion `it is not `essential to mount thefdiriving ratchets upon asleeve 1:56, buit they may besecured directly to the driving s`haft,the only reason .that I have in showing them mounted Aupon the sleeve is to show a Ameans of stopping the rotation of the driving shalft without stoppin-g the rotation ofthe wind mi i Various other means, common in clutch mechanism, may be used without departing `from the spirit of my invention.

Having described my invention, what I claim, and4 desire toseeureby Letters Patent, 1s-

1. In a windmill the combination of two or more concentric wind wheels, of a driving shaft means for independentlyestablishing and disestablishing a driving connection between each wind wheel and the driving shaft with each of said windwheels, suitable sup* porting mechanism, and means for disengaging revoluble connection between the `windwheels and driving shaft, substantially as described.

2. In a windmill, thecoinbination with the driving shaft, of two'windwheels independent one from the other, means for independ ently establishing and disestablishing a dri ving connection between each wind wheel and the driving shaft, andl suitable' supporting mechanism, substantially as described.

3. In a windmill, the combination with the driving shaft, of two windwheels independent one from the other, mechanism for independently establishing anddisestablishinga driving connection between each wind wheel and the driving shaft, suitable supporting mechanism, and means for releasing the connecting mechanism from the driving shaft, substantially as described.

4. In a windmill, the combination with the driving shaft, of two or more concentricwindwheels independent of each other, mechan- IOO ism for independently establishing and disestablishing a driving connection between each wind wheel and the driving shaft, and suitable supporting mechanism, substantially as described. 1 n' p 5. In a windmill, the combination with the drivingshaft, of two or morewindwheels independently mounted upon a common shaft, means for independently establishing and disestablishing a driving connection between eachwind wheel and the driving shaft, and suitable supporting mechanism, substantially as described;V l

6. In a Windmill, the combination with the driving shaft, of two or more windwheels in-l dependently mounted upon a common shaft, means foriudependently establishing and dis-VL establishingY a driving connection between each wind wheel and the driving shaft, suit-v able supporting mechanism, and means' for releasing the driving shaft from revoluble connection with the windwheels, substantially as described.

7. Ina windmill, the combination with thel driving shaft, of two or more independent windwheels, means for independentlyestablishing and disestablishing a driving connection between each wind wheel and the driving shaf't-,commutative mechanism for applying the power of the windwheels to the driv- .ing shaft in a like direction, and suitable" supporting mechanism," substantially as described.

8. In a windmill, the combination with a driving shaft, of two or more independent windwheels mounted upon a common" shaft,

means for independently establishing and disestablishing a driving connection between each windwheel and the driving shaft, commutative mechanism Afor applying the power of the wheels to the driving shaft in a like direction, substantially as described.

A9. In a windmill, the combination'with the drivingV shaft, of two or more independent windwheels, a vertical shaft connectedby gearing with one of the `wii'idwheels, avertical tube inclosing said verticalvshaft andcon nected by gearing with the other windwheel,' and meansfor connecting the vertical tube and the'vertical shaft independently with'the driving shaft, and suitable supporting mechanism, substantially as described. Y 10. Ina windmill, the combinationwith the driving shaft, of two independent Windwheels eonc'entrically mounted upon a common shaft,

a vertical shaft connected by gearing with one of the windwheels, a vertical tube inclesing said vertical shaft, and connected by gearing with'the' outer windwheel, means for connecting'the vertical tube and the vertical yshaft independentlynwith thedriving shaft, and. suitablevs'upporting mechanism substantially 'as described.

11. In a Windmill, the combination with the drivingshaft, of two independent windwheels,l

a vertical shaft connected by gearing withone of the windwheels, a tube inclosing said vertical shaft, and connected by gearing withthe other windwheel, means for connecting the vertical .tube and shaft independently with the driving shaft, suitable supporting'mechf anism and means for disengaging revoluble connection between the vertical tube and shaft and the driving shaft, 'substantially as described. L I

l2. In a windmill, the combination with the driving shaft, of two or more independent' windwheels, a vertical shaft connected with one windwheel, a tube inclosing said shaft and connected with the otherwindwheel, commutative gearing connecting the vwindwheels and vertical shaft and tube, means for Vcontube and shaft,' with the driving shaft, and' suitable supportin g mechanisme, substantially' as described. y Y l Intestimonywhereof I affix my signature 1n presence of two witnesses.

\ ALBERT F. GEORGE.

Witnesses; y 'f WILL Sli/rire, JOHN RYAN'. 

